italian torpedo boats ww2
Models used were directly derived from compact civilian motorboats, provided with petrol engines which were compact and reliable (characteristics which were not common at the time) . Although other assets played a role in this struggle, including mines, aircraft, and the British and Italian intelligence services, the fight often came down to duels between British submarines and Italian torpedo boats. Here we have the Italian Torpedo Boat MAS 15 racing away from the already dramatically listing Austrian battleship Szent István on 10 June, 1918. The most famous of these is the Washington Naval Treaty, but there were others. This article was written by Barry Taylor and originally published in the April 1996 issue of Military History magazine. Naval weapons experts were impressed with the idea of marrying the design of those fast gasoline-powered boats with some type of armament, such as an explosive torpedo. The main Austrian fleet remained securely at anchor in the harbour at Pola (now Pula in Croatia), protected by several layers of defensive booms, impassable to conventional MAS boats. Pegaso was scuttled 11 September 1943. 1,347 12. This model is designed and tested at 1/1800th scale, but up-scaling and down-scaling are possible. On 24 January 1923 the Italian Royal Air Force (Regia Aeronautica) was formed as an independent arm, separate from the air services of the Army and Navy and in 1925 the establishment of an Air Ministry put the new service on a secure footing. 1,347 12. WAR IN THE EUROPE. The Germans, meanwhile, striving to beat the restrictions of the Treaty of Versailles, launched a number of Schnellboote–the deadly E-boats, as they were known to the Allies during World War II. Entries are listed below in alphanumeric order (1-to-Z). In WW2 the Italian navy failed because of the superior Britsh Royal Navy. Older units were used in secondary theatres, such as the Italian East Africa. Here we have the Italian Torpedo Boat MAS 15 racing away from the already dramatically listing Austrian battleship Szent István on 10 June, 1918. Unfortunately for the Italians, the cruiser turned out to be the veteran HMS Ajax, which was equipped with radar, a technological advancement unknown in the Italian navy. A significant success came in December 1917, when an MAS boat managed to sink the pre-dreadnought battleship SMS Wien in Trieste harbor. Simple one piece model design for smaller scales and tweaked to ensure as compliant as possible with Shapeways. 3rd - Leading up to the capture of Massawa, the eight surviving Italian destroyers and torpedo boats were lost or scuttled. The record of these German torpedo boats in WW2 is astounding! Post Sep 07, 2015 #24 2015-09-07T10:57. the italian sure launched torpedoes i don't think they hit. German air units later successfully emulated Italian torpedo-bombing tactics and purchased torpedoes from Italy. They sank a Soviet gunboat of the Bira class, a 1,300-ton cargo ship and several barges. Polish Campaign (1939) Russo-Finish War: Winter War (1939-1940) and Continuation War (1941-1944) Russo - German War (1941-1945) Italian MAS boats were comparatively small, at 20-30 tons displacement. Like its German equivalent the Italian navy preferred the building of tiny destroyer-type escorts, generally named torpedo boats. WW2 Italian Destroyers Italy (1916-43) About 60 ships. This changed from 1925 with the adoption of the standard 533 mm (21 in) type on the Sella class and following. During night action on October 12, Italian destroyers and torpedo boats challenged a British cruiser south of Malta. The MAS of World War II had a maximum speed of 45 knots, two 450 mm torpedoes and one machine gun. 32. MAS were widely employed by Regia Marina during World War I in 1915–1918. In the early hours of 3 August 1942, three MAS boats torpedoed and disabled the Soviet cruiser Molotov south-west of Kerch. MAS were essentially motorboats with displacements of 20–30 tonnes (depending on the class), a 10-man crew and armament composed of two torpedoes, heavy machine guns and occasionally a 37 mm or 20 mm cannon. Polish Campaign (1939) Russo-Finish War: Winter War (1939-1940) and Continuation War (1941-1944) Russo - German War (1941-1945) In 1926, four MAS boats were built for and purchased by the Royal Albanian Navy. About MAS 15 - Italian World War I Motor Torpedo Boat Lightly armed and fast, the Italian-built MAS 15 was one of the first historical examples of a torpedo boat in action. MAS.91 could be armed either with two 18-inch torpedoes or a 47mm quick-firing gun. ALBATROS torpedo boat (1934) 34. During the Italian Armistice, Calosi, by order of the Italian Navy Experimental Weapons Division, gave the Allies a countermeasure which disrupted the magnetic field of the torpedo, which the German began using by the thousands with their U-Boats by the end of ’43. While each ship fought aggressively, HMS Ajax suffering numerous hits from their main guns, they failed to combine their efforts. The record of these German torpedo boats in WW2 is astounding! Although designed for three Italian engines only two were fitted, providing spares for earlier boats but limiting their maximum speed to 27.5 kt. Both MAS boats got within 200 meters of the Austrian ships without being detected, after using hydraulic shears to cut through three protective 21Ž2-inch hawsers. PEGASO torpedo boats / destroyer escorts (1938) 36. Therefore, numerous naval treaties were put into effect to limit the navies of the great powers. She was the largest ship sunk by motor torpedo boats during the Second World War.1. The torpedo boats suffered their defeats, particularly earlier in the war. MTB 24 was one of three 72ft motor torpedo boats built by Thornycroft in their Hampton works on the Thames in 1938/39. Amassed against the records of the war at sea as a whole, motor torpedo boats played a relatively minor role . Certain elements not to scale. Its sturdy design fulfilled a required operational role and the decision was to build boats of high quality over a mass production was the German way of waging war. Then there was the gasoline-powered engine. By the end of World War I, thanks to the pioneering work of the Italian navy, most developed nations considered small attack craft–whether armed with torpedoes or guns–an important part of their fleets. Convinced of the value of MAS boats, the Italian navy launched into a program to build literally hundreds, and by the end of the war would have over 400 of them. Although MAS.13‘s torpedoes missed their target, both Italian boats were able to escape unseen. Vincenzo. ALBATROS torpedo boat (1934) 34. Certain elements not to scale. The boats were powered by an electric motor for a silent approach and carried two torpedoes. But … William Shirer, CBS broadcaster and author (The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich). This section includes over 21.000 Allied Warships and over 11.000 Allied Commanders of WWII, from the US Navy, Royal Navy, Royal Canadian Navy, Royal Australian Navy, … Twenty more boats were ordered from SVAN, MAS.3 through MAS.22. The torpedo boat - from a fleet which protected home waters and famously earned the nickname ‘iron men in wooden boats’ - was used as a houseboat for 50 years in Chelsea, south-west London. SPICA torpedo boats (1935 - 1938) 35. The MAS boats scored the first major success for torpedo boats on the night of December 9, 1917. One MAS was destroyed and three damaged by fighter-bombers in September 1942 during a heavy attack on Yalta. Nothing came of the plan to attack Pola. On the night of September 6, 1916, the two boats, escorted by some French destroyers, attacked Austrian shipping anchored near Durazzo (now called Dubrovnik) Harbor. During the Italian Armistice, Calosi, by order of the Italian Navy Experimental Weapons Division, gave the Allies a countermeasure which disrupted the magnetic field of the torpedo, which the German began using by the thousands with their U-Boats by the end of ’43. The torpedoes missed Tegetthoff, first in line, but two of those fired by MAS.15 struck Szent István, which listed to starboard. The next day, just after dawn, the dreadnoughts were seen by two MAS boats, 15 and 21, again commanded by the indomitable Luigi Rizzo. [5] MAS 554, 554 and 557 sank three allied freighters on the night of 13 August 1942 off Cape Bon, in the course of Operation Pedestal, for a total tonnage of 48,500 tons. But the battleship had left, and the boat spent two hours looking for the giant ship without success. [William Edward Burghardt] Du Bois, U.S. historian and civil rights leader, founder of what became the NAACP. The term "MAS" is an acronym for Mezzi d'Assalto, (assault craft) in the unit name Flottiglia MAS (assault craft flotilla), the most famous of which was the Decima MAS of World War II. In the spring of 1918, the new Austro-Hungarian naval chief, Admiral Miklos Horthy, conceived a daring plan to transfer two mighty Austrian dreadnoughts, Szent István and Tegetthoff, escorted by seven destroyers, to the lower Adriatic. On the 3rd, five seaworthy destroyers sailed to attack Port Sudan, Sudan further north along the Red Sea shore. 305 mm (12-in): 1890s 3,4th class torpedo boats 380 mm (14-in): 1890-1900 3,4th class torpedo boats 450 mm (18 in): 1900s late torpedo boats and destroyers. Regia Marina Italiana. Meyer Amschel Rothschild, banker and founder of the Rothschild dynasty in Europe. Even though the Soviet vessel was refloated and reached Haifa for repairs the next day, the action compelled the Turkish government to intern eight Soviet ships set to repeat the same journey. Finding a gap in the net guarding the approaches to the battleship, the tiny torpedo boat slipped inside and advanced toward the anchorage. Erich Kastner, German poet, novelist and children's author (Emil and the Detectives). A type of anti-submarine craft based on the MAS design was developed by the Italian Navy in World War II. The MAS.204Â217 series was capable of conversion from a torpedo boat to a gunboat with the addition of a 57mm gun, and in 1918 the Italian navy acquired the Baglietto-built ‘D’ type MAS.397Â400 series boats, which were 28-knot strike craft of formidable capability. Although an extended group of similar classes had been completed through the mid-1920s, the class had lapsed for a 10 years prior to being started again with the 32-strong Spica class, laid down between 1934 and 1937. The MAS of World War II had a maximum speed of 45 knots, two 450 mm torpedoes and one machine gun. There, the fleet would force its way through the Allied minefields across the Strait of Otranto and sail out into the Mediterranean, where it would catch Allied ships by surprise. [3] Five MAS were scuttled in Massawa in the first week of April 1941 as a part of the Italian plan for the wrecking of Massawa harbor in the face of the British advance. There are a total of [ 6 ] WW2 Torpedo Boats entries in the Military Factory. Vincenzo. Four were built; the first two were scuttled when their slow motors failed to get them to the harbour booms at Pola before daybreak and in a second operation, another boat made such a loud clattering noise climbing the booms that it was spotted and destroyed by gunfire.[2]. This was a large class of small escort vessels built from the mid-1930s onwards which served prominently on the convoy route, typical workhorses of any navy, doing lots of the dreary work and being recognised very little for it. Just a thought - Did German or Italian torpedo boats ever torpedo anything in WW2 I don't mean E Boats I mean the mini destroyer type things. Naval Weaponry: Italy's MAS Torpedo Boats, "MAS and Midget Submarines in the Black Sea", "FR L'Iphigénie of the French Navy - French Torpedo boat of the La Melpoméne class - Allied Warships of WWII - uboat.net", Italian Navy site Pictures of MAS boats amongst other historical Italian ships, "MAS, VAS and MS" , by Pierluigi Malvezzi in the "Regia Marina Italiana" website, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MAS_(motorboat)&oldid=997399837, Articles with Italian-language sources (it), Articles containing Italian-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 31 December 2020, at 09:11. ... After the war these boats served with the Italian Navy, some well into the 1970s. 72.5 ft 47 tons 4,050 bhp: 73-98: 26 1941-1942 Example of the Italian Orsa class torpedo boat built during the 1930s. [9], Another flotilla of four MAS, the XII Squadriglia MAS, was deployed to Lake Ladoga in April 1942 to support the siege of Leningrad. A commission was appointed on the 9th September 1938, to consider the different tenders. Prior to WWII, Lurssen built eight 28m Sboote based on the design for S-1 for Yugoslavia. During the operation, on 13 August, she was torpedoed and disabled by two Italian motor torpedo boats and subsequently scuttled with explosive charges. Armament consisted of two 18-inch torpedoes launched over the stern. MAS boats destroyed troop barges and damaged Soviet warships. 70OLT torpedo boats (1918) 33. They were armed with one 13 mm heavy machine gun or one 20 mm anti-aircraft gun, 6 depth charges and two 350 mm torpedoes. This model is designed and tested at 1/1800th scale, but … In WW2 the Italian navy failed because of the superior Britsh Royal Navy. For example, the direct successes by torpedo attack of the German "S" boats accounted for only 1.1% of the total Allied merchant ship losses of 21,570,720 tons (as against 68.1% by submarines). Vincenzo. They were used not only in the anti-submarine patrol role, but also for daring attacks against major units of the Austro-Hungarian Navy. Her smaller consorts made frantic efforts to take her in tow, but after a 21Ž2 -hour struggle, the ship capsized. The development of large battleships and cruisers also brought about new and creative ways to sink these floating fortresses. MAS boats later engaged in the Second Battle of Durazzo in October 1918. That meant that the engine often broke down and usually at the wrong time–like in the middle of a torpedo run. Details Published: 01 January 2011 01 January 2011 Last Updated: 07 April 2012 07 April 2012 Print at 0.1-0.15mm layer height on FDM filament printers. ... Navy received a great many light escorts as Lend-Lease these are ASW vessels of little use in a surface battle against Italian torpedo boats - and an Air Force trained and equipped for maritime strike thanks to their war experience. But it was October 1918; the Hapsburg Empire was in chaos, with mutinies rending its navy. Built with additional weight to compensate for the fragile hull, their speed dropped to 21 knots, and the method of firing torpedoes over the stern was found to be clumsy. At 11:00 another order took the convoy back towards Crete at full speed (even leaving slower boats behind) for a landing on the morning of the 22nd. Both hit Wien amidships, and in a few minutes the old battleship rolled over and sank. All are the direct descendants of those noisy, gasoline-powered, fragile boats that roared into action against the mighty battleships of the Austro-Hungarian Empire more than 75 years ago. British torpedo boats of the First World War were small at only around 15 tons and were known as Coastal Motor Boats. Edit: crude depth-charge rails have been added to the stern. HistoryNet.com contains daily features, photo galleries and over 5,000 articles originally published in our various magazines. This time everything went perfectly. To achieve the high speeds necessary to overtake massive–and very fast–capital ships, the boats’ engines had to run at maximum revolutions per minute. The two boats were not great successes, however, and in November 1915, they were rearmed with guns and confined to submarine chasing. This section includes over 21.000 Allied Warships and over 11.000 Allied Commanders of WWII, from the US Navy, Royal Navy, Royal Canadian Navy, Royal Australian Navy, … These seven boats were wooden-hulled, each displacing 25 tons. Powerful patrol torpedo ( PT ) boats were able to escape unseen Whitehead torpedo was further refined and! Attack from Soviet fighter-bombers and torpedo boats ( 1935 - 1938 ) 36 destroyer HMAS.! Whole of World War 2 by sinking the old battleship rolled over and sank brought to you by Historynet,!, to consider the … 1/1800th scale Spica-class torpedo boat and the attack was a speedboat designed a! 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