second empire style roof
Manufacturer of adhesives, wood consolidants, and wood replacement compounds for structural and decorative restoration. A glance around today’s proliferating historic districts will show that Second Empire is far from the most frequently found historical house style. Not all mansard houses were spread out; many were designed to fit narrow lots while keeping their hallmark rooflines and towers. The architects Alfred B. Mullett, who was supervising architect for the Treasury Department, and John McArthur, Jr. a major designer of public buildings in the Mid-Atlantic, helped popularize the style for public and institutional buildings. From the eaves, the roof rises steeply, then becomes almost flat (and invisible from below) as it extends to the center of the building. In a word, no. The mansard roof ridge was frequently topped with a decorative iron trim, known as "cresting". The European born and trained architect Detlef Lienau, who studied architecture in Paris and emigrated to the US in 1848, is credited with designing the first Second Empire house in the US, the Hart M. Schiff house in New York City, built in 1850. The first of the Victorian styles was Second Empire style (1855-1885). Thus, most Second Empire houses exhibited the same ornamentational and stylistic features as contemporary Italianate forms, differing only in the presence or absence of a mansard roof. [9] Despite the historicism of the ornamentation, Second Empire architecture was generally viewed as "modern" and hygienic as opposed to the revival styles of Italianate and Gothic Revival which hearkened to the Renaissance and Middle Ages.[10]. As the name implies, the French Second Empire style was imported from France in the mid-19th century; it was the style used in the great rebuilding of Paris under Napoleon III. (So why, you may ask, isn’t it called President Grant Style rather than General Grant Style? [17] These projects include the Crowninshield House (1868) in Boston Massachusetts, the H. H. Richardson House (1868) in Staten Island, New York, and the William Dorsheimer House (1868) in Buffalo, New York. The greatest virtue of the mansard is that it can allow an extra full story of space without raising the height of the formal facade, which stops at the entablature. Looking like a crown atop the stately home, a mansard roof is not really a roof at all. The style quickly spread and evolved as Baroque Revival architecture throughout Europe and across the Atlantic. But at CIRCA, we have good reason to believe that beyond those golden gates lie miles and miles of houses topped with mansard roofs. Second Empire Style . The point of Mansart’s dual-pitched roof was to squeeze a full floor of living space above the cornice line of a building without increasing the technical number of stories in the structure—an economically appealing bit of architectural legerdemain in a city like Paris where upward mobility, at least in buildings, was restricted or heavily taxed. The site faces a street having steep grades. The bay window, door, frontispiece, corner quoins, and modillion cornice provide a comfortable degree of ornament for a smaller residence. Mullet, in particular, who favored the style, was responsible from 1866 to 1874 for designing federal public buildings across the US, spreading Second Empire as a stylistic idiom across the country. Currently, the style is most widely known as Second Empire,[1] Second Empire Baroque,[2] or French Baroque Revival;[3] Leland M. Roth refers to it as "Second Empire Baroque. Despite Lienau's work, Second Empire did not displace dominant styles of the 1850s, Italianate and Gothic Revival and remained associated with only particularly wealthy patrons. [7], It was not until the mid-nineteenth century that the origin of Second Empire architecture in the United States can be found. Second Empire. Even after the Franco-Prussian War ended in 1871, Second Empire-style buildings continued to ride high on a tide of huge, newly minted, post-Civil War fortunes that were amply equipped to handle these extravagantly decorative houses. Since the Civil War had caused a boom in the fortunes of businessmen in the north, Second Empire was considered the perfect style to demonstrate their wealth and express their new power in their respective communities. Visit Our Website. This tower element may be of equal height to the highest floor, or may exceed the height of the rest of the structure by a story or two. 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